Ridge bone maintenance in human after extraction

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate, clinically and histologically, the tissues formed in human alveolar sockets filled with bovine morphogenetic protein/bovine organic matrix (BOM) and absorbable membrane (AM) immediately after extraction.

Methods: Forty-six human alveolar sockets, exhibiting buccal bone defects were selected for this study. Group 1 received no biomaterial to serve as control. Sockets from group 2 were filled with bovine bone morphogenetic protein (bBMP) associated with bOM. The association of bBMP/ bOM/AM filled the alveolar defects from group 3. AM was placed over the defects from group 4. Clinical evaluation analyzed ridge width before biomaterial filling and 4 months after filling. Fifteen specimens were collected from groups 2, 3, and 4 for histologic analyses.

Results: Clinical results showed no significant augmentation on the control group ( 0.16 0.28 mm). All test sites, groups 2, 3, and 4, showed relevant ridge width augmentation (3.0 0.5 mm, 2.4 0.3 mm, and 2.9 0.6 mm, respectively) and no resorption. Histologically, all experimental alveolar sockets showed active bone formation with osteoid, osteoblasts, and cell differentiation.

Conclusion: On the basis of this study, we concluded that bBMP/bOM with or without AM could preserve the ridge showing viable bone formation for future implant placement.